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- Historic preservation or Heritage management is the theory and practice
of creatively maintaining the historic built environment and controlling
the landscape component of which it is an integral part. The Secretary
of the Interior of the U.S. government defines the historic environment
as districts, sites, buildings, structures, objects, and landscapes
which are significant in American history, architecture, archeology, engineering,
and culture.
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- Preservation: Maintain and stabilize
- Restoration: Bring back to certain time period
- Reconstruction: Accurately rebuild
- Rehabilitation: Modify with modern amenities
- District: “A geographically definable area – urban or rural, large or
small – possessing a significant concentration, linkage, or continuity
of sites, buildings, structures, and/or objects united by past events or
aesthetically by plan or physical development.”
- (National Register of Historic Places)
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- 1853: Mt. Vernon Ladies Society; saved Washington’s home.
- 1906: The Antiquities Act passed by Congress to protect Federally
owned lands.
- 1927: Williamsburg restoration begins.
- 1931: Charleston Zoning Ordinance.
- 1933: Historic American Buildings Survey, a New Deal Program.
- 1936: Vieux Carre Ordinance, New Orleans protection.
- 1966: National Historic Preservation Act, National Register of Historic
Places.
- 1976: Tax Act.
- 1978: Penn Station Ruling (Supreme Court upheld NYC decision for
denial of 55 story office tower on top of Grand Central).
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- Ecology: reinvesting rather than abandoning and razing.
- The replacement cost of base housing is more than 10X the original
investment
- The cost to rehabilitate units to meet current needs is 1/4 to 1/3 of
replacement cost
- Demolition waste clogs expensive landfills
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- Revitalization of urban districts and neighborhoods
- Heritage tourism
- Increased property values
- Predictability for investors
- Architectural Diversity/History (sense of place)
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- Historic District Designation
- Individual Properties Designation
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